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Assessment of the maximum range of movement.
Toronto western spasmodic torticollis rating scale. The most commonly used scale to rate the severity of spasmodic torticollis is the toronto western spasmodic torticollis rating scale twstrs. This is made up of various subscores a f. With spasmodic torticollisalso known as cervical dystonia. The aim of this review is to describe the historical development of rating scales for the assessment of cd and to provide an appraisal of their advantages and drawbacks.
Assessment of validity and inter rater reliability abstract. A total score of 0 to 35 can be achieved. The toronto western spasmodic torticollis rating scale twstrs was applied for those subjects with cervical dystonia 19 score ranges from 0 to 85 higher scores more severity. 1james j and joan a gardner center for parkinsons disease and movement disorders department of neurology university of cincinnati cincinnati oh usa.
445 consky es lang ae. Twstrs is the acronym for toronto western spasmodic torticollis rating scale. Minimal clinically important change in the toronto western spasmodic torticollis rating scale. Television 0 no difficulty 1 unlimited ability to watch television in normal seated position but bothered by torticollis 2 unlimited ability to watch television in normal seated position but requires use of tricks to control torticollis 3 unlimited ability to watch television but requires extensive measures to control torticollis or is able to view only in nonseated position eg.
The toronto western spasmodic torticollis rating scale twstrs. Espay aj1 trosch r2 suarez g3 johnson j4 marchese d3 comella c5.
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